Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase

Acetyl-CoA carboxylase is the primary regulatory enzyme in fatty acid biosynthesis. The active form of the enzyme is a long filamentous array of monomer units. Monomeric units can be either phosphorylated (polymer not favored) or dephosphorylated (polymer formation favored).

Acetyl-CoA carboxylase can be phosphorylated by two kinases, cAMP-dependent protein kinase or AMP-dependent protein kinase.

The enzyme catalyzes the addition of a carboxyl group from bicarbonate to acetyl-CoA, forming malonyl-CoA.

> Acetyl-CoA + ATP + HCO 3- <=> Malonyl-CoA + ADP + Pi + H+

Like other carboxylases, acetyl-CoA carboxylase contains a biotin cofactor.

See also: Fatty Acid biosynthesis, Control of Fatty Acid Synthesis, Maintaining Blood Glucose levels

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> 1. Fatty Acid Biosynthesis

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