Eicosanoid Functions

The eicosanoids (prostaglandins, thromboxanes, and leukotrienes) have numerous effects on the body.

Prostaglandins and Thromboxanes act like local hormones

> - PGE stimulates adenylate cyclase in some cells.
> - PGF 2 has been reported to elevate levels of cGMP in target cells.
> - Inhibition of the cyclooxygenase of PGH synthase by aspirin reduces inflammation, implicating prostaglandins in inflammation.
> - Thromboxane A 2 and, to a lesser extent, prostaglandins, induce platelet aggregation, an early step in blood clot formation.
> - Prostaglandin release is involved in uterine muscle contraction-PGF 2 is used to induce labor.
> - PGF 2 inhibits progesterone secretion and regression of the corpus luteum.
> - PGF 2 and PGE 2 are used to induce abortion in the second trimester or to induce delivery in case of the death of a fetus.
> - PGI 2 is used to reduce the risk of blood clotting during cardiopulmonary bypass operations.
> - PGE 1 is a vasodilator.
> - Forms of PGE inhibit gastric secretion.

Leukotrienes

> - Receptors for leukotriene B 4 may be involved in inflammation.
> - Leukotrienes may play a role in asthma attacks.

See also: Eicosanoids, Prostaglandin Biosynthesis, NSAIDs,

INTERNET LINKS:

> 1. Eicosanoids

> 2. Prostaglandin and Leukotriene Metabolism